Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 30, European Commission tau tshaj tawm "Txoj Cai Lij Choj rau Bio-based, Biodegradable thiab Compostable Plastics", uas qhia ntxiv txog cov khoom siv bio-based, biodegradable thiab compostable plastics thiab qhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom lawv cov khoom tsim thiab siv cov xwm txheej uas muaj qhov zoo. cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
Bio-based
Rau "biobased," lo lus yuav tsum tsuas yog siv thaum qhia txog qhov tseeb thiab ntsuas tau ntawm biobased cov ntsiab lus yas hauv cov khoom, yog li cov neeg siv khoom paub ntau npaum li cas biomass tau siv hauv cov khoom.Tsis tas li ntawd, biomass siv yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tsis muaj teeb meem rau ib puag ncig.Cov yas no yuav tsum tau muab los ua kom tau raws li cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg.Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom noj, yog li txo qis kev siv cov khoom siv biomass.Thaum thawj biomass siv, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws yog ib puag ncig ruaj khov thiab tsis cuam tshuam txog biodiversity lossis ecosystem noj qab haus huv.
Biodegradable
Rau "biodegradation", nws yuav tsum paub meej tias cov khoom zoo li no yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg, thiab nws yuav tsum tau hais tias nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas rau cov khoom kom biodegrade, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig (xws li av, dej, thiab lwm yam) rau. biodegrade.Cov khoom uas zoo li yuav raug pov tseg, suav nrog cov uas tau them los ntawm Kev Siv Ib Leeg Siv Plastics Directive, tsis tuaj yeem thov lossis sau npe tias biodegradable.
Mulches siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb yog cov piv txwv zoo ntawm cov ntawv thov tsim nyog rau biodegradable plastics hauv qhov chaw qhib, yog tias lawv tau lees paub rau cov qauv tsim nyog.Txog rau qhov kawg no Pawg Saib Xyuas yuav xav tau kev kho dua tshiab rau cov qauv European uas twb muaj lawm los qhia tshwj xeeb rau hauv kev pheej hmoo ntawm biodegradation ntawm cov yas residues hauv av nkag mus rau hauv cov dej.Rau lwm cov ntawv thov uas biodegradable plastics raug suav hais tias tsim nyog, xws li cov hlua khi siv hauv kev lag luam nuv ntses, cov khoom siv hauv kev tiv thaiv ntoo, cog clips los yog cov nyom nyom trimmer cords, cov qauv tshiab yuav tsum tau tsim.
Oxo-degradable plastics raug txwv vim lawv tsis muab pov thawj ib puag ncig cov txiaj ntsig, tsis muaj biodegradable, thiab cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub.
Compostable
"Compostable plastics" yog ib ceg ntawm biodegradable plastics.Tsuas yog cov khoom siv compostable plastics uas ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab cim ua "compostable" (tsuas yog muaj cov qauv kev ua liaj ua teb hauv teb chaws Europe, tsis muaj cov qauv siv hauv tsev).Industrial compostable ntim yuav tsum qhia seb cov khoom pov tseg li cas.Hauv tsev composting, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ua tiav biodegradation ntawm compostable plastics.
Cov txiaj ntsig muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam compostable yog cov khoom siv biowaste ntau dua thiab qis dua ntawm cov composts nrog cov yas uas tsis yog biodegradable.High-zoo compost yog ntau conducive rau siv raws li ib tug organic chiv nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab tsis dhau los ua ib qhov chaw ntawm yas paug rau av thiab av.
Muaj cov hnab yas compostable rau cov khoom sib cais ntawm biowaste yog ib daim ntawv thov muaj txiaj ntsig.Lub hnab tuaj yeem txo cov pa phem los ntawm kev sib xyaw, raws li cov hnab yas ib txwm muaj, suav nrog cov khib nyiab uas tseem tshuav txawm tias tom qab kev txiav txim siab tshem tawm lawv, yog ib qho teeb meem ua paug hauv biowaste pov tseg system tam sim no siv thoob plaws EU.Txij li thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 202, biowaste yuav tsum tau sau lossis rov ua dua tshiab cais ntawm qhov chaw, thiab cov teb chaws xws li Ltalis thiab Spain tau qhia cov txheej txheem rau cais cov biowaste: hnab yas compostable tau txo cov pa phem biowaste thiab nce biowaste ntawm ntes.Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua lub xeev lossis cov cheeb tsam txhawb nqa kev siv cov hnab no, vim tias yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem sib xyaw tshwj xeeb thiab kev sib kis ntawm cov kwj deg yuav tshwm sim.
EU-nyiaj pab tej yaam num twb txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab innovation ntsig txog bio-based, biodegradable thiab compostable plastics.Cov hom phiaj tsom mus rau kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab kev tsim khoom, nrog rau kev siv thiab pov tseg ntawm cov khoom kawg.
Pawg neeg yuav txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho tshiab txhawm rau tsim cov khoom siv bio-raws li puag ncig uas muaj kev nyab xeeb, ruaj khov, rov siv dua, rov ua dua tshiab thiab biodegradable.Qhov no suav nrog kev ntsuam xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntawv thov uas cov ntaub ntawv bio-based thiab cov khoom lag luam yog ob qho tib si degradable thiab recyclable.Kev ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv yog xav tau los soj ntsuam cov net greenhouse gas emissions txo qis ntawm bio-based plastics piv rau fossil-based plastics, suav nrog lub neej thiab lub peev xwm rau ntau yam rov ua dua tshiab.
Cov txheej txheem biodegradation yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav ntxiv.Qhov no suav nrog kev xyuas kom meej tias bio-raws li plastics siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab lwm yam siv biodegrade kom nyab xeeb, suav nrog kev hloov pauv mus rau lwm qhov chaw, lub sijhawm biodegradation thiab kev cuam tshuam mus ntev.Nws kuj tseem suav nrog txo qis qhov tsis zoo, suav nrog kev cuam tshuam mus sij hawm ntev, ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv siv hauv biodegradable thiab cov khoom yas.Ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov tsis ntim khoom rau cov yas compostable, cov khoom siv tu cev tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.Kev tshawb fawb tseem xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tus cwj pwm thiab biodegradability raws li qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev coj cwj pwm.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj cai tswjfwm no yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab nkag siab txog cov plastics no thiab coj mus rau kev txhim kho txoj cai yav tom ntej ntawm EU qib, xws li kev cai ecodesign rau cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov, EU taxonomy rau kev nqis peev ruaj khov, cov phiaj xwm nyiaj txiag thiab cov kev sib tham hauv thoob ntiaj teb.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-01-2022